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Poverty and Children in the United States Essay - 1

Destitution and Children in the United States - Essay Example The mechanical progressions and exceptional industrialization has quickened neediness rate in the nation, and countless individuals is having a hopeless existence just as is denied of the fundamental human needs even. Youngsters should be one of the most influenced layers of society that has become the casualty of developing neediness in the nation. Since youngsters are not in a situation to procure their bread, they are absolutely reliant of their folks and watchmen for the accomplishment of every single essential need of life. Since the developing pace of neediness has diminished the winning and buying intensity of the grown-ups, it has gotten extremely difficult for them to take care of their youngsters appropriately inside restricted chances and assets on the loose. Therefore, the kids give off an impression of being denied of satisfactory and adequate food, apparel and sanctuary from one perspective, and apt instruction, wellbeing and transportation offices on the other. â€Å" According to figures discharged by the U.S. Enumeration Bureau in September 1996, 13.8% of Americans live in destitution. A lot more are on the fringe. Neediness influences all ages, however a bewildering 48% percent of its casualties are youngsters, as around 15 million kids - one out of each four - live underneath the official destitution line. What's more, 22% of Americans younger than 18 - and 25% under age 12 - are ravenous or at the danger of being hungry.† (Quoted in heartsandminds.org) Scarcity of food and absence of ordinary and adequate nourishment radically tell upon the wellbeing and wellness of the youngsters, which make them unequipped for doing unimportant residential tasks even by assisting their folks. Additionally, it has likewise gotten practically incomprehensible for them to pay due notice to their investigations and training. In the event that an individual isn't permitted to approach edibles fundamental for his development and quality, it would not be fe asible for him to work effectively. Consequently, neither the becoming are kids equipped for going to their schools for looking for training normally, nor would they be able to show any presentation in sports and games in the play areas. Thus, the US society is negligible setting up the wiped out, powerless and messy age to run the political, social, financial and strict undertakings of the nation for the future years to come. As indicated by the Connecticut Commission for Children, somewhere in the range of 2001 and 2002 alone, the quantity of poor youngsters in the U.S. rose from 11.7 to 12.1 million. In Connecticut, one out of ten youngsters lives in destitution. (2004: 2) The examines uncover the very reality that neediness has grabbed grins and snickering from the very lips of the poor youngsters. Since present day mechanical time has helped in the advancement of mental limits, the youngsters are in a situation to appreciate the common and social marvels in their condition. In addition, the IT age has extended the correspondence exercises by improving the specialized gadgets, the improvements being made in different pieces of the world can be watched and observed using digital TV. The poor kids additionally watch the equivalent brilliant exercises and long for appreciating a similar degree of amusement and diversion for them too. Be that as it may, since their down-trodden guardians can't take care of them even in a satisfactory mode, the topic of giving such valuable and exorbitant recreational offices to their honest

An Overview of Viktor Frankls Logotherapy

An Overview of Viktor Frankls Logotherapy October 06, 2019 Getty / Ascent/PKS Media Inc. More in Psychotherapy Online Therapy In This Article Table of Contents Expand Brief History Understanding Logotherapy Fundamentals Practice Criticisms Evidence Everyday Life Viktor Frankl is the founder of logotherapy, a form of psychotherapy that he developed after surviving Nazi concentration camps in the 1940s. After his experience in the camps, he developed a theory that it is through a search for meaning and purpose in life that individuals can endure hardship and suffering. A Brief History of Viktor Frankl Viktor Frankl was born March 26, 1905 and died September 2, 1997, in Vienna, Austria. He was influenced during his early life by Sigmund Freud and Alfred Adler, earned a medical degree from the University of Vienna Medical School in 1930. From 1940 to 1942, he was the director of the Neurological Department of the Rothschild Hospital, and from 1946 to 1970 was the director of the Vienna Polyclinic of Neurology. In 1942, Frankl was deported to a Nazi concentration camp along with his wife, parents, and other family members. He spent time in four camps in total, including Auschwitz, from 1942 to 1945, and was the only member of his family to survive. In 1945, he returned to Vienna and published a book on his theories, based on his records of observations during his time in the camps. By the time of his death, his book, Mans Search for Meaning had been published in 24 languages. During his career as a professor of neurology and psychiatry, Frankl wrote 30 books, lectured at 209 universities on five continents, and was the recipient of 29 honorary doctorates from universities around the world. He was a visiting professor at Harvard and Stanford, and his therapy, named logotherapy, was recognized as the third school of Viennese therapy after Freuds psychoanalysis and Alfred Adlers individual psychology. In addition, logotherapy was recognized as one of the scientifically-based schools of psychotherapy by the American Medical Society, American Psychiatric Association, and the American Psychological Association. Understanding Logotherapy Frankl believed that humans are motivated by something called a will to meaning, which equates to a desire to find meaning in life. He argued that life can have meaning even in the most miserable of circumstances, and that the motivation for living  comes from finding that meaning. Taking it a step further, Frankl wrote: Everything can be taken from a man but one thing: the last of the human freedomsâ€"to choose ones attitude in any given set of circumstances. This opinion was based on his experiences of suffering, and his attitude of finding meaning through the suffering. In this way, Frankl believed that when we can no longer change a situation, we are forced to change ourselves. Fundamentals of Logotherapy Logos is the Greek word for meaning, and logotherapy involves helping a patient find personal meaning in life. Frankl provided a brief overview of the theory in Mans Search for Meaning. Core Properties Frankl believed in three core properties on which his theory and therapy were based: Each person has a healthy core.Ones primary focus is to enlighten others to their own internal resources and provide them tools to use their inner core.Life offers purpose and meaning  but does not promise fulfillment or happiness. Methods of Finding Meaning Going a step further, logotherapy proposes that meaning in life can be discovered in three distinct ways: By creating a work or doing a deed.By experiencing something or encountering someone.By the attitude that we take toward unavoidable suffering. An example that is often given to explain the basic tenets of logotherapy is the story of Frankl meeting with an elderly general practitioner who was struggling to overcome depression after the loss of his wife. Frankl helped the elderly man to see that his purpose had been to spare his wife the pain of losing him first. Basic Assumptions Logotherapy consists of six basic assumptions that overlap with the fundamental constructs and ways of seeking meaning listed above: 1. Body, Mind, and Spirit The human being is an entity that consists of a body (soma), mind (psyche), and spirit (noos). Frankl argued that we have a body and mind, but the spirit is what we are, or our essence. Note that Frankls theory was not based on religion or theology, but often had parallels to these. 2. Life Has Meaning in All Circumstances Frankl believed that life has meaning in all circumstances, even the most miserable ones. This means that even when situations seem objectively terrible, there is a higher level of order that involves meaning. 3. Humans Have a Will to Meaning Logotherapy proposes that humans have a will to meaning, which means that meaning is our primary motivation for living and acting, and allows us to endure pain and suffering. This is viewed as differing from the will to achieve power and pleasure. 4. Freedom to Find Meaning Frankl argues that in all circumstances, individuals have the freedom to access that will to find meaning. This is based on his experiences of pain and suffering and choosing his attitude in a situation that he could not change. 5. Meaning of the Moment The fifth assumption argues that for decisions to be meaningful, individuals must respond to the demands of daily life in ways that match the values of society or their own conscience. 6. Individuals Are Unique Frankl believed that every individual is unique and irreplaceable. Logotherapy in Practice Frankl believed that it was possible to turn suffering into achievement and accomplishment. He viewed guilt as an opportunity to change oneself for the better, and life transitions as the chance to take responsible action. In this way, this psychotherapy was aimed at helping people to make better use of their spiritual resources to withstand adversity. In his books, he often used his own personal experiences to explain concepts to the reader. Three techniques used in logotherapy include dereflection, paradoxical intention, and Socratic dialogue. Dereflection:  Dereflection is aimed at helping someone focus away from themselves and toward other people so that they can become whole and spend less time being self-absorbed about a problem or how to reach a goal.Paradoxical intention:  Paradoxical intention is a technique that has the patient wish for the thing that is feared most. This was suggested for use in the case of anxiety or phobias, in which humor and ridicule can be used when fear is paralyzing. For example, a person with a fear of looking foolish might be encouraged to try to look foolish on purpose. Paradoxically, the fear would be removed when the intention involved the thing that was feared most.Socratic dialogue:  Socratic dialogue would be used in logotherapy as a tool to help a patient through the process of self-discovery through his or her own words. In this way, the therapist would point out patterns of words and help the client to see the meaning in them. This process is believed to help the client realize a n answer that is waiting to be discovered. Its easy to see how some of the techniques of logotherapy overlap with newer forms of treatment such as cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) or acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT). In this way, logotherapy may be a complementary approach for these behavior and thought-based treatments. Criticisms Frankl was not without his critics. Some felt he used his time in the Nazi camps as a way to promote his brand of psychotherapy, and others felt his support came only from religious leaders in the United States (indeed, he did recruit ministers and pastoral psychologists to work with him). In 1961, his ideas were challenged by psychologist Rollo May, known as the founder of the existential movement in the United States, who argued that logotherapy was equivalent to authoritarianism, with the therapist dictating solutions to the patient. In this way, it was felt that the therapist diminished the patients responsibility in finding solutions to problems. It is not clear, however, whether this was a fundamental problem of logotherapy, or a failing of Frankl as a therapist himself, as he was said to be arrogant in his manner of speaking to patients. In this way, it may be that logotherapy argues that there are always clear solutions to problems and that the therapist has the task of finding these for the client. However, Frankl argued that logotherapy actually educates the patient to take responsibility. Regardless, it is clear that in the application of Frankls theories, it is important to highlight that the patient must be a participant rather than a recipient in the process. Evidence More than 1700 empirical and theoretical papers have been published on logotherapy, and more than 59 measurement instruments developed on the topic. While Franks early work involved case studies, this eventually evolved to include operationalization of concepts and estimates of clinical effectiveness. In other words, Frankl believed in empirical research and encouraged it. A systematic review of research evidence pertaining to logotherapy conducted in 2016 found correlations or effects pertaining to logotherapy in the following areas or for the following conditions:Correlation between presence of meaning in life, search for meaning in life, and life satisfaction, happinessLower meaning in life among patients with mental disordersSearch for meaning and presence of meaning as a resilience factorCorrelation between meaning in life and suicidal thoughts in cancer patientsEffectiveness of a logotherapy program for early adolescents with cancerEffectiveness of logotherapy on depression in childrenEffectiveness of logotherapy in reducing job burnout, empty nest syndromeCorrelation with marital satisfaction Overall, not surprisingly, there is evidence that meaning in life correlates with better mental health. It is suggested that this knowledge might be applied in areas such as phobias, pain and guilt, grief, as well as for disorders such as schizophrenia, depression, substance abuse, post-traumatic stress, and anxiety. Frankl believed that many illnesses or mental health issues are disguised existential angst and that people struggle with lack of meaning, which he referred to as the existential vacuum. Logotherapy in Everyday Life How might you apply the principles of logotherapy to improve your everyday life? Create something.  Just as Frankl suggested, creating something (e.g., art) gives you a sense of purpose, which can add meaning to your life.Develop relationships.  The supportive nature of spending time with others will help you to develop more of a sense of meaning in your life.Find purpose in pain.  If you are going through something bad, try to find a purpose in it. Even if this is a bit of mental trickery, it will help to see you through. For example, if a family member is going through medical treatments for a disease, view your purpose as being there to support that person.Understand that life is not fair.  There is nobody keeping score, and you will not necessarily be dealt a fair deck. However, life can always have meaning, even in the worst of situations.Freedom to find meaning.  Remember that you are always free to make meaning out of your life situation. Nobody can take that away from you.Focus on others.  Try to focus outside of yourself to get through feeling stuck abou t a situation.Accept the worst.  When you go out seeking the worse, it reduces the power that it has over you. A Word From Verywell While concepts of logotherapy continue to be studied to this day, you arent likely to hear of people receiving this type of treatment directly. Rather, the components of logotherapy are more likely to be intertwined with other therapies or treatments. The 9 Best Online Therapy Programs

A Blatant Agenda - 1280 Words

Historically, writers have infused their works with political biases and agendas in the hopes of swaying readers to their cause. The Jungle by Upton Sinclair is a prominent example of this phenomena. Hailing from the early 20th century, The Jungle addresses the poor working conditions in which the emigrant workers of the time would labor, working up to what equates to a socialist rant at the end of the novel. Upton Sinclairs political biases in The Jungle are in no way cleverly tied into the story, in fact, Sinclair egregiously abused the plot of the novel as a tool to mercilessly drive the socialist agenda into the reader, forgoing good writing convention in favor of immature drivel, and summing up the novel with an ending that does†¦show more content†¦Upton Sinclair furthermore writes into his novel acts of theft, deception, and physical violence without giving any of the positive aspects of capitalism due attention, Upton Sinclair makes himself sound significantly out of touch with reality. Even worse, Upton Sinclairs demonization of capitalism sounds more exaggerated in comparison when one considers his embellished descriptions of the benefits of socialism, particularly with the implication that Sinclair believes that none of the evils of capitalism apply to a socialist economic system. Ultimately, this juvenile, lazy style of writing, if it isnt off putting and offensive to readers of a different school of thought, serves to make socialists sound immature, dramatic, and unrealistic, none of which are traits one would typically want to project as being typical of their position. Rounding out the trifecta of ways that Upton Sinclairs The Jungle was a failure for his socialist cause is the weak, irrelevant and lazy ending. This closure is a complete and utter train wreck, combining equal parts deus ex machina, disorganization, and generalized, albeit subdued, lunacy. Sinclair starts off the epic fifty some page train wreck by introducing the protago nist to the socialist cause as he searched for a place to sit and think. As he listens to the socialist speech, Jurgis is quickly convinced, and quickly puts fervent support into the cause. Sinclair continues to unleash his unabashed socialist rant, and what fewShow MoreRelated Beliefs Taken to the Extremes Essay1623 Words   |  7 PagesAmerican family, in all its forms.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Through movements, organizations, and people the Religious Right wishes to impose its belief system upon us, the American people. Those beliefs are, in all their forms, hurt innocent people. The agenda of the Religious Right is most definitely Anti-Family.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In its proselytizing of its views the Religious Right has decided to promote ignorance in many forms. This ignorance leads to many family problems but this is not a concernRead More Gregory Howard Williams Life on the Color Line Essay1003 Words   |  5 Pagesthat is easy to rationalize. Another form of racism experienced by the author is blatant racism which is racism directed towards members of the outgroup that is direct and is in no means masked. 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Personal and political agendas are generalized to shape a fearsome beast that hungers for the suffering of its former oppressors and nothing more. â€Å"For, the footsteps had become to their minds as the footsteps of a people, tumultuous under a red flag and with their country declaredRead MoreCharles Dickens A Tale Of Two Cities1573 Words   |  7 Pagesrevolutionaries that wish to fill out their own personal vendettas over the needs of the lower classes. Dickens writes in meticulous detail of inhumane actions imposed upon the aristocracy that stem from nothing but jealousy and rage. Personal and political agendas are generalized to shape a fearsome beast that hungers for the suffering of its former oppressors and nothing more. â€Å"For, the footsteps had become to their minds as the footsteps of a people, tumultuous under a red flag and with their country declaredRead MoreRomeo And Juliet Film Analysis1458 Words   |  6 PagesJuliet is an adaptation that has stirred much controversy since its release, and it’s easy to understand why. Critics deemed the film kitsch, tasteless, and even went as far as to dismiss it as â€Å"MTV Shakespeare† because of its fast-paced style and blatant advertisement in so me of Shakespeare’s most important scenes. I thoroughly believe that Baz Luhrmann is attempting to get teenagers interested in Shakespeare by reducing the complex themes of forbidden romance and familial rivalry into a superficialRead MoreThe United Nations : A Politically Corrupted System Of Global Proportions1543 Words   |  7 Pages The issue assumed a part in the Bush administration s questionable choice in 2002 to cut off subsidies to the association. Yet the most unnerving order of UN power can be seen in black and white. Agenda 21 started as an ecological assurance summit, nonetheless it involves a more vile plot. Agenda 21 is in all actuality, a device of the New World Government. The plan was proposed in 1992 in Rio De Janeiro at the Earth Summit. Its unique name, Maintainable Development, started in 1987 with GroRead MoreCabeza De Vaca s The Relation878 Words   |  4 Pagesand the blood he shed for me† (47). 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This suggest that Cabeza de Vaca viewed all of his time spent

Does The Gender Pay Gap Actually Exist - 1221 Words

Does the Gender Pay Gap Actually Exist? Lecture Outline: The concept of a pay gap between female and male workers has been around for decades, this is because countless studies seek to justify why women earn less than men, and in many disciplines women are more easily subjected to discrimination in comparison to their male counterparts. This unit exposes many underlining factors that ultimately determine whether the gender pay gap truly exists in the contemporary Western hemisphere. The scholarly field that correlates to this unit is economics and gender studies. ï  ¶ Song of the day: Benny - Little Game (Official Video) ï  ¶ Video Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WNr3x1kVVEc ï  ¶ This song does a compelling job at†¦show more content†¦People are paid based on their human capital and since many women tend to enter fields such as psychology, nursing, and humanities they are likely to be paid less. While on the other hand, men tend to enter fields like engineering, therefore they are paid a higher wage that continues to grow higher annually. ï  ¶ Secondly, marital status and childbearing have a great impact on income. A vast majority of women take time off of work to have children, which subsequently results in them losing potential earnings during those years and after. The only discrimination that can be found among employers is when it comes to marriage and children. Married men with children pose less of a threat to their job status because they have their wives to take care of the children and housework. However, women with children are seen as a liability to employers because they have larger responsibilities in the household. On average women spend 167 hours engaging in non-paying work at home, such as cleaning and taking care of the children, while men only spend 100. ï  ¶ Lastly, society routinely encourages gender roles of the sexes, for example, boys are told to take interest in sports, cars, trucks, math, science, engineering, or to become doctors and lawyers. While girls are often encouraged to find interests in nursing, teaching, humanity courses, fashion, makeup, the colour pink, and

A Narrative of the life of Frederick Douglass Essay Example For Students

A Narrative of the life of Frederick Douglass Essay Frederick Douglass, born the slave Frederick Bailey in ~1817, details his most incredible biography through first person narration. He moved around from farm to farm and eventually arrived in Baltimore when his latter name and being started to take shape. It was in Baltimore under Master Hugh when Douglass diligently taught himself the invaluable skills of reading and writing. These skills later became most fundamental in his escape to the north. Being nothing more than a white man?s property Douglass gets shuffled back to the farm life through a year of deaths and subsequent estate transfers. Finding himself under the control of one Mr. Covey, slaveholder for Master Thomas, it is here that I find the most interesting points in the story. Mr. Covey was one of Douglass?s harshest provider of violence and abuse. Now approximately 16 years of age, Douglass begins his arduous battle towards mental and physical freedom. I find this a most notable point in the story because Douglass himself records his owns thoughts, ?This battle with Mr. Covey was the turning point in my career as a slave? It recalled the departed self-confidence, and inspired me again with a determination to be free? (Douglass p 43). The mention of how slaves are allowed (or forced) to pass Holiday?s was most interesting as well. During holiday?s slaves are encouraged to drink in excess. This allows the slaveholder to dupe the slaves into perceiving freedom as a drunk-fest that may or may not be worth it in the morning. Although the slave?s believes this to be the ?most free? time of his life, the slaveholder is still very much in control unbeknownst to the slaves. Bibliography Douglass, Frederick. A Narrative of the life of Frederick Douglass Essay. General Publishing Company, Toronto, ON, 1995. .

INTRODUCTION Essays (4543 words) - Blood Pressure, Angiology

INTRODUCTION Cardiac Location and Structures The heart is the driving force of the circulatory system, contracting about 70 times/minute to pump an adequate volume of blood with sufficient pressure to perfuse all body organs and tissues. The muscular organ, about the size of a clenched fist, weights from 300 to 400 g. It is located within the mediastinum of the thoratic cavity, above the diaphragm and between the lungs. This location subjects the heart's activity to influence from all pressure variances during respiration, Fassler, (1991). Intrathoracic pressure varies with the respiratory cycle. On inspiration, the heart moves slightly vertically, and the increased negative pressure generated in the thoracic cavity increases venous blood return to the heart and pulmonary blood flow. On respiration, the heart moves slightly horizontally as the diaphragm rises, and a decreased negative pressure is generated. The pericardial sac is a fibrous membrane that doubles over onto itself to form two surfaces. A small amount of pericardial fluid in the sac allows the two surfaces to slide over each other without friction as the heart beats. The pericardium performs several functions. First, it provides shock-absorbing protection. Second, it acts as a protective barrier against bacterial invasion from the lungs. Third, because of its fibrous nature, it protects the heart from sudden overdistention and increase in size, Fassler, (1991). The heart has three tissue layers: the epicardium (outer layer), the myocardium (middle layer), and the endocardium (inner layer). The epicardium is the thin inner layer of the pericardium. The myocardium, thickest of the three layers, is composed of muscle fibers that contract, creating the pumping effect of cardiac activity. The endocardium, a smooth, membranous layer that lines all cardiac chambers and valve leaflets, is continuous with the intima, or lining, of the aorta and arteries, Fassler, (1991). The heart's four chambers ? the right and left atria and left atria and the right and left ventricles ? are separated by the interatrial and interventricular septa. The atria are thin-walled, low-pressure chambers that serve primarily as reservoirs for blood flow into the ventricles. The ventricles are formed by muscle fibers that contract to eject blood to the pulmonary vasculature (right) and systemic circulation (left). Because the left ventricle must achieve the high pressure needed for systemic circulation, it is much thicker than the right ventricle, (Fig. #1), Fassler, (1991). The right atrium receives venous blood from the body via the venae cavae. The superior vena cava returns blood from the structures above the diaphragm, and the inferior vena cava drains venous blood from below the diaphragm. The coronary sinus returns venous blood to the right atrium. At the base of the right atrium is the tricuspid valve, which controls blood flow into the right ventricle and prevents back flow to the atrium during ventricular systole. The tight ventricle pumps blood through the pulmonary valve and the branches of the pulmonary artery to the lobes of the lungs, the pulmonary capillaries, and the alveolar capillaries that surround the alveoli, (Fig. #2), Fassler, (1991). At the alveolar capillaries, gas exchange occurs, that is, blood gives off carbon dioxide and receives oxygen. Then, oxygenated blood returns through the pulmonary veins to the left atrium. The mitral valve at the base of the left atrium controls blood flow to the left ventricle and prevents backflow to the left atrium. Both the mitral and the tricuspid valves are attached to the strong chorae tendineae, fibrous filaments that arise from the papillary muscles of the ventricle Fig. (#1) Location of cardiac structures, Fassler, (1991). Fig. (#2) Blood flow through the heart, Fassler, (1991). and work to prevent eversion of the valves when the ventricle contracts, The left ventricle pumps blood through the aortic valve into the aorta, (Fig. #3), Fassler, (1991). The basic contractile unit in the myocardium, the sarcomere, is composed of actin and myosin filaments, which are contractile proteins. The degree to which actin and myosin overlap depends on the length of the sarcomere, which is determined by muscle stretch. Less overlap occurs during diastole, as the ventricle fills and the muscle stretches; more overlap occurs during diastole, when the muscle contracts. Contraction occurs when the action potential stimulates movement of calcium with energy release, causes the filaments to slide past each other and shorten